Discussion on the Installation of Building Security Intercom System

At present, most of the newly built residential areas are equipped with visual or non-visual building intercom systems. This system undoubtedly brings great convenience to the residents of the community, and also increases the sense of security of the residents. For some residential quarters with large investment, walkie-talkies are often installed at the entrance and exit gates of residential quarters in order to satisfy the residents' access requirements to the maximum. In this case, the following situations are worth exploring.

1 installation position
At present, most residential out-of-town walkie-talkies are installed on the walls or outer walls of guard houses. This type of installation is considered by the author to be really inappropriate, mainly as follows:

(1) Long-term sun and rain affects the service life of the intercom device. Especially in Shenzhen, long sunshine hours and more typhoon storms have a greater impact on the reliability and longevity of intercom devices.

(2) The guards cannot effectively prevent the foreign visitors from making mistakes (especially late at night) and cannot grasp the time and frequency of use of the intercom device. Therefore, starting from the "people-oriented" concept, it is absolutely necessary to move the door to the room.

(3) The vast majority of foreign visitors not only do not operate the intercom device, but also rarely operate and use it. They are not familiar with the operation steps. Therefore, they often require the assistance of a guard, and some delivery and driving visits are inconvenient. Use it personally.

In view of the above factors, the author believes that the walkie-talkie should be installed in the guard room only for the use of the gatekeeper, which is more reasonable. This reflects the humanized management.

2 intercom method

The existing walkie-talkie is divided into visual and non-visual modes. Under normal circumstances, the cell door walkie-talkie can adopt non-visual intercom mode. The reasons are as follows:

(1) The walkie-talkie has been installed in the guard room and is limited to the guard operation. That is, the two sides of the intercom may only be the tenants and the guards;

(2) Because only the interviewed households need to confirm that something exists, there are rare occurrences of impostor. It is no longer necessary to use visual intercom, even if the household needs to confirm the identity of the visitor, it can be completely in the first floor of each building. Video intercom door confirmation;

(3) Because the population in the general community is far away from the monitoring center, the video image quality will be affected by the transmission distance.

(4) Save investment, but also save maintenance costs that may occur in the future. The reliability of the current video intercom equipment video image quality can not be guaranteed within 3 to 5 years after it is put into use. Frequent maintenance will cause developers to spend a lot of financial and material resources.

3 The necessity of installation

According to the “Guidelines and Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Intelligent Systems for Residential Quarters” (Registration of the Housing Industry Promotion Center of the Ministry of Construction, 2003.2), the system implementation details of the guest intercom system are as follows:

One-star: Anti-theft door control and voice intercom devices are installed in the residential corridor population, and tenants can control the opening of building security doors.

Two-star: The visitor intercom device can be networked, and the main population of the community can install a visitor intercom device.

Three-star: In addition to having all the functions of two-stars, it should also maintain advanced technology to facilitate system integration, easy operation and maintenance, and good scalability.

According to the above rules, whether or not to install a community walkie-talkie should be based on comprehensive consideration of several factors such as the function, grade positioning, and size of investment in the constructed community.

In the design, the author once investigated the situation of people and vehicles entering a residential area. The sampling conditions are as follows.

The community has a building area of 180,000 m2, a total of 1120 households, and the occupancy rate is above 97%. There are 740 private cars (vehicles) pre-owned. From the above table, the following conditions can be found:

(1) The peak time for personnel and vehicles entering the community is after the afternoon of work;

(2) All types of delivery personnel and vehicles continue to enter the community;

(3) There is less use of walkie-talkie in the community;

(4) The use of wireless walkie-talkies by guards is more common. The main reasons for this are:

(1) It is convenient and fast to use wireless walkie-talkies to communicate with the monitoring center, and does not interfere with the other work of the guards;

(2) The walkie-talkie cannot be used when visiting foreign vehicles. Especially during the peak hours of work, there are often 5 or 6 vehicles queuing at the gate. In order to ensure that there are no traffic jams, only the wireless intercoms can notify the building security guards;

(3) To ensure the maximum quality of call quality between the residents and the building's entrance door radio and the monitoring center, and to reduce possible channel occupancy. Avoid the unnecessary troubles and misunderstandings caused by households;

(4) The guard's management experience. The guards with longer working hours are familiar with the frequent residents, which is very helpful to reduce the number of use of the population walkie-talkies;

(5) In the middle of the night, it was inconvenient to use an entrance walkie-talkie to disturb the rest of the household;

(6) The density of personnel entering the peak hours of rush hours is too high. The operation of the entrance and exit walkie-talkie delays too much work time, and it is easy to cause loopholes in the guard's security work.

For the building intercom system, there is no description about the setting of the cell door machine in the relevant section of "12.3.2 Residential Area" in the "Intelligent Architecture Design Standard" GB/T 50314-2000, only in the "12.3" In the “1-3 Households” column, “Door Intercom and Building Entrance/Exit Door Lock Control Devices” should be set up, and this is not covered in the “Household Intelligent Electrical Design Manual” (written by China Building Standard Design Institute). As described above, how to set up a community out-of-town walkie-talkie device has a large relationship with the grade and scale of the residential community. In general, it is more convenient and safer to use a wireless intercom method (between the community gate and the monitoring center) and a cell door intercom system for a large-scale residential area. Building intercom equipment usually enters the maintenance period after being put into use for 3-5 years, and is closely related to the daily life of residents. Therefore, it cannot be taken carelessly. If we can proceed from a convenient and practical point of view, we will be able to solve this problem very well. .

references

1Research on Design Standards of Chinese Buildings for "Intelligent Electrical Design Manual of Residential Buildings"